Bibliography

I record in this post all of the references that I used in this module. I also reference the relevant entries in individual posts. I use a tool “Cite This For Me” as a means to manage my references. This post will be updated as I progress through the module.

Last update: 29th March 2024

(2020) ImageNet. Available at: https://www.image-net.org/ (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

(2023) Conference: Photography and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Available at: https://events.rps.org/en/4LrdQ66/conference-photography-and-artificial-intelligence-ai-4a2N4LhiJa/overview (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

(No date a) The Institute for Ethical AI & Machine Learning. Available at: https://ethical.institute/index.html (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

(No date b) Safety standards. Available at: https://openai.com/safety-standards (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

(No date c) Welcome to Elicit, your AI research assistant. Available at: https://beta.elicit.org/ (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Adorama (2023) Ai in photography: How photographers can use artificial … – adorama. Available at: https://www.adorama.com/alc/ai-in-photography/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Aesthetics of Photography (2021) Towards a philosophy of photography, Vilém Flusser, Aesthetics of Photography. Available at: https://aestheticsofphotography.com/towards-a-philosophy-of-photography-vilem-flusser (Accessed: 29 March 2024).

Allen, R. (no date) REBECCA ALLEN, Rebecca Allen. Available at: https://rebeccaallen.com/art (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Alves de Oliveira, A. (2016) ‘POST-PHOTOGRAPHY,  OR ARE WE PAST  PHOTOGRAPHY?’, in Post-screen: Intermittence + interference. Lisbon, Portugal: Edições Universitárias Lusófonas Faculdade de Belas-Artes da Universidade de Lisboa, pp. 68–75.

Ambrosi, D. (no date) Daniel AmbrosiDaniel, Daniel Ambrosi. Available at: https://www.danielambrosi.com/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Ames, C. (2022) New topographies – images of an algorithmic landscape, PhMuseum. Available at: https://phmuseum.com/projects/new-topographies-images-of-an-algorithmic-landscape (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Anadol, R. (2023) Refik Anadol / media artist + director, Refik Anadol. Available at: https://refikanadol.com/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Anantrasirichai, N. and Bull, D. (2021) Artificial Intelligence in the Creative Industries: A Review – Artificial Intelligence Review, SpringerLink. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10462-021-10039-7 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

Artificial Intelligence and the RPS (2023) The Royal Photographic Society. Available at: https://rps.org/about/artificial-intelligence-and-the-rps/ (Accessed: 09 August 2023).

Artificial Neural Networks and paintings: What is neural art? (no date) ARTDEX. Available at: https://www.artdex.com/ann-artificial-neural-networks-paintings-neural-art/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Ball, P. (2005) Critical mass: How one thing leads to another: Being an enquiry into the interplay of chance and necessity in the way that human culture, customs, institutions, cooperation and conflict arise. London: Arrow Books.

Bandara, P. (2023a) Eerie ai tech processes photos to let you talk to dead loved ones, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2023/01/09/new-ai-technology-processes-photos-to-let-you-talk-to-dead-loved-ones/ (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Bandara, P. (2023b) Holocaust survivors use AI to generate ‘photos’ of their memories, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2023/01/31/holocaust-survivors-use-ai-to-generate-photos-of-their-memories/ (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Bandara, P. (2023c) Holocaust survivors use AI to generate ‘photos’ of their memories, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2023/01/31/holocaust-survivors-use-ai-to-generate-photos-of-their-memories/ (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Bandara, P. (2023d) Holocaust survivors use AI to generate ‘photos’ of their memories, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2023/01/31/holocaust-survivors-use-ai-to-generate-photos-of-their-memories/ (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Bell, D. (2007) Science, Technology and Culture. Maidenhead, Kent: McGraw-Hill International (UK) Ltd.

Bennet, T. (2005) New keywords: A revised vocabulary of culture and society. Malden MA etc., US: Blackwell.

Benney , M. and Kistler, P. (eds.) (no date) Top 25 ai artists of 2022 (Photos, Profiles & History of AI Art), AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Benney, M. (ed.) (no date) Top 25 ai artists of 2022 (Photos, Profiles & History of AI Art), AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/ (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Benney, M. and Kistler., P. (no date) Ethics, AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/ai-ethics (Accessed: 06 September 2023).

Benny, M. (no date) Featured artistsMarnie, AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/ai-artist-founding-members (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Benzecry, C.E. et al. (2017) ‘Actor-Network Theory’, in Social theory now. Chicago, Il: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 1–36.

Bessette, J. (2018) The machine as art (in the 20th century): An introduction, MDPI. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/7/1/4 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

Beyer, E. (2023) Exclusive: ‘ai surrealism’ exhibition to feature Roope Rainisto, more, Exclusive: ‘AI Surrealism’ Exhibition to Feature Roope Rainisto, More. Available at: https://nftnow.com/ai/exclusiveai-surrealism-exhibition-to-feature-roope-rainisto-more/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Biennale 2015: The post-photographic condition – selected photographs from this year’s mois de la photo Montreal (2015) LensCulture. Available at: https://www.lensculture.com/articles/mois-de-la-photo-montreal-biennale-2015-the-post-photographic-condition (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Bijker, W.E. et al. (2012) The social construction of technological systems: New Directions in the sociology and history of technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Birkbak, A. (2023) Actor-network theory, Oxford Biographies. Available at: https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199756384/obo-9780199756384-0266.xml (Accessed: 30 January 2024).

Blog (no date) OpenAI Blog. Available at: https://openai.com/blog (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Carla Gannis – biography, shows, Articles & More (no date) Artsy. Available at: https://www.artsy.net/artist/carla-gannis (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Cheng, M. (2022) ‘The creativity of Artificial Intelligence in art’, The 2021 Summit of the International Society for the Study of Information [Preprint]. doi:10.3390/proceedings2022081110.

Chung, S. (no date) Sougwen愫君chung, Sougwen Chung (愫君). Available at: https://sougwen.com/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Cord, F. (2022) Posthumanist cultural studies: Taking the nonhuman seriously, De Gruyter. Available at: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/culture-2020-0138/html?lang=en (Accessed: 07 October 2023).

Craft-Jenkins, K. (2012) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE TECHNOLOGICAL SUBLIME:  HOW VIR HOW VIRTUAL CHARACTERS INFL TERS INFLUENCE THE L UENCE THE LANDSCAPE OF ANDSCAPE OF  MODERN SUBLIMITY. dissertation.

Daniel Ambrosi – artist profile (photos, videos, exhibitions) (2023) AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/daniel-ambrosi (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Davis, F.D. (1989) ‘Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of Information Technology’, MIS Quarterly, 13(3), p. 319. doi:10.2307/249008.

de Mol, J. (2011) NNN / the technological sublime, Next Nature Network. Available at: https://nextnature.net/story/2011/the-technological-sublime (Accessed: 13 December 2023).

Eigenfeldt, A. (2023) Why the growth of ai in making art won’t eliminate artists, The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/why-the-growth-of-ai-in-making-art-wont-eliminate-artists-210187#:~:text=It%20will%20require%20the%20collaboration,be%20needed%20more%20than%20ever. (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

Engman, C. (no date) Charlie Engman. Available at: https://www.charlieengman.com/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Ethic (no date) Cambridge Dictionary. Available at: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/ethic (Accessed: 06 September 2023).

Flusser, V. (2018) Towards a philosophy of photography. London: Reaktion Books.

Flusserstudies.net (no date) Flusser. Available at: https://www.flusserstudies.net/flusser (Accessed: 29 March 2024).

Gannis, C. (no date) Carlagannis.com. Available at: https://carlagannis.com/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Gartner Hype Cycle Research Methodology (no date) Gartner. Available at: https://www.gartner.com/en/research/methodologies/gartner-hype-cycle (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Glynn, P. (2023) Sony World Photography Award 2023: Winner refuses award after revealing Ai Creation, BBC News. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-65296763 (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Grba, D. (2022) ‘Deep else: A critical framework for AI art’, Digital, 2(1), pp. 1–32. doi:10.3390/digital2010001.

Grenham, H. (2020) ‘The mechanical monster and discourses of fear and fascination in the early history of the computer’, Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 7(1). doi:10.1057/s41599-020-00650-4.

Growcoot, M. (2022) AI image generator stable diffusion releases controversial new version, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2022/11/28/ai-image-generator-stable-diffusion-releases-controversial-new-version/ (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Gutiérrez, J.L. (2023) ‘On actor-network theory and algorithms: Chatgpt and the new power relationships in the age of ai’, AI and Ethics [Preprint]. doi:10.1007/s43681-023-00314-4.

Haider, A. (2023) The beatles’ ‘final’ record: Should we bring singers back from the dead?, BBC Culture. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20230616-the-beatles-final-record-should-we-bring-singers-back-from-the-dead (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Herzmann, A. (no date) [1903.05696v2] aesthetics of neural network art – arxiv.org, Aesthetics of Neural Network Art. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.05696v2 (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

How the metaverse will reinvent the art of Photography – Fast Company (2022) Fast@company. Available at: https://www.fastcompany.com/90736185/how-the-metaverse-will-reinvent-the-art-of-photography (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Huenemann, C. (2023) Knowledge for humans. Logan, UT: Utah State University Library.

Hyseni, V. (2023) Generative AI and Data Privacy, PECB. Available at: https://pecb.com/article/generative-ai-and-data-privacy (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

Ieven, B. (2003) How to orientate oneself in the world: A general outline of Flusser’s theory of media*, How to Orientate Oneself in the World: A General Outline of Flusser’s Theory of Media by Bram Ieven. Available at: https://www.imageandnarrative.be/inarchive/mediumtheory/bramieven.htm (Accessed: 29 March 2024).

Johansson, E. (no date) Erik Johansson – Surreal Photography, ERIK JOHANSSON. Available at: https://www.erikjo.com/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Kessels, E. (no date) From here on, ERIK KESSELS. Available at: https://www.erikkessels.com/from-here-on (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Klingemann, M. (2020) Quasimondo. Available at: https://quasimondo.com/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Kopecky, M. (2018) Understanding the land ethic, The Aldo Leopold Foundation. Available at: https://www.aldoleopold.org/post/understanding-land-ethic/ (Accessed: 07 October 2023).

Lars (no date) Photography through the eyes of a Machine, EyeEm. Available at: https://www.eyeem.com/blog/mario-klingemann-ai-art (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Laskowski, N. and Tucci, L. (2023) What is artificial intelligence and how does ai work?: Definition from TechTarget, Enterprise AI. Available at: https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/AI-Artificial-Intelligence#:~:text=Artificial%20intelligence%20is%20the%20simulation,speech%20recognition%20and%20machine%20vision. (Accessed: 11 December 2023).

Latour, B. (1993) We have never been modern. Cambridge,  MA: Harvard Universtity Press.

Liang, C.-W. (no date) Untitled – chin-wei liang, Chin-Wei Liang. Available at: https://chinweiliang.com/untitled (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Lin, P. (2019) The moral gray space of AI decisions, The Ethical Machine. Available at: https://ai.shorensteincenter.org/ideas/2018/12/1/the-moral-gray-space-of-ai-decisions-6sc59 (Accessed: 06 September 2023).

Liogier , R. (2018) Origins and structure of anxiety culture about technology, EuropeNow. Available at: https://www.europenowjournal.org/2018/07/01/origins-and-structure-of-anxiety-culture-about-technology/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Liu, B. (2023) ‘Arguments for the rise of Artificial Intelligence Art: Does ai art have creativity, motivation, self-awareness and emotion?’, Arte, Individuo y Sociedad, Avance en línea, pp. 1–11. doi:10.5209/aris.83808.

Lu, R.T.W. (2023) Sentiments Re-Imaged by AI. dissertation.

Lunceford, B. (2009) ‘Reconsidering technology adoption and resistance observations of a semi-luddite’, Explorations in Media Ecology, 8(1), pp. 29–48. doi:10.1386/eme.8.1.29_1.

Mallia, J. (2023) Artificial Intelligence, Techopedia. Edited by M. Rouse. Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/190/artificial-intelligence-ai (Accessed: 09 August 2023).

McCarthy, D.R., Stockbruegger , J. and Bueger, C. (2018) ‘Actor-Network Theory: Objects and Actants, Networks and Narratives’, in Technology and world politics an introduction. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group.

McKenzie, T. (2022) The crow: An ai film that won Cannes short film festival, 80lv. Available at: https://80.lv/articles/the-crow-an-ai-film-that-won-cannes-short-film-festival/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Meier, A. (2014) The camera as an afterthought: Defining Post-Photography, Hyperallergic. Available at: https://hyperallergic.com/153261/the-camera-as-an-afterthought-defining-post-photography/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Millet, K. et al. (2023) ‘Defending humankind: Anthropocentric bias in the appreciation of AI Art’, Computers in Human Behavior, 143, p. 107707. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2023.107707.

Mitchel, M. (2019) Artificial Intelligence A guide for thinking humans. Pelican.

Mitchell, M. (2020) Artificial Intelligence: A guide for thinking humans. New York, NY: Picador.

Nast, C. (no date) Artificial Intelligence, Wired. Available at: https://www.wired.com/tag/artificial-intelligence/ (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Nickerson, C. (2023) Latour’s actor network theory, Simply Sociology. Available at: https://simplysociology.com/actor-network-theory.html (Accessed: 30 January 2024).

Nye, D.E. (2007) American Technological Sublime. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Open data science conference (2023) Open Data Science Conference. Available at: https://odsc.com/ (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

OpenAI Blog (no date) Blog. Available at: https://openai.com/blog (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Paulussen, F. (2022) The metaverse for photographers: A dreamers prediction, Frederic Paulussen. Available at: https://www.fredericpaulussen.be/metaverse-for-photographers/ (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Pichai, S. (2018) Ai at google: Our principles, Google. Available at: https://blog.google/technology/ai/ai-principles/ (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

The post-photographic condition (2015) Issuu. Available at: https://issuu.com/moisdelaphoto/docs/excerpts_the_post-photo_condition_dc15c1e9d234cd (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Pueyo, T. (2022) Generative AI: Everything you need to know, Generative AI: Everything You Need to Know – by Tomas Pueyo. Available at: https://unchartedterritories.tomaspueyo.com/p/generative-ai-everything-you-need?utm_source=post-email-title&publication_id=347533&post_id=84673122&isFreemail=true (Accessed: 22 June 2023).

Rahnama, H. (no date) Project Overview ’ augmented eternity and swappable identities, MIT Media Lab. Available at: https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/augmented-eternity/overview/ (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Ran summary (no date) GradeSaver. Available at: https://www.gradesaver.com/ran/study-guide/summary (Accessed: 03 January 2024).

Reading Heidegger: The question concerning technology (2022) FutureLearn. Available at: https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/philosophy-of-technology/0/steps/26315 (Accessed: 07 October 2023).

Reben, A. (2022) The weird and wonderful art created when AI and humans unite, BBC Future. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221123-the-weird-and-wonderful-art-created-when-ai-and-humans-unite (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Refik Anadol – artist profile (photos, videos, exhibitions) (2023) AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/refik-anadol (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Rouse, M. (2023) Generative AI, Techopedia. Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/34633/generative-ai (Accessed: 24 June 2023).

Sales, L. (no date) 49/23 — considering technology, AI and photography, Lens Culture. Available at: https://www.lensculture.com/articles/gregory-eddi-jones-49-23-considering-technology-ai-and-photography (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Schneider, J. (2023) Man fakes an entire month of his life using AI generated photos, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2022/12/14/man-fakes-an-entire-month-of-his-life-using-ai-generated-photos/ (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Scott, G. (2019) The United Nations of Photography. Available at: https://unitednationsofphotography.com/about/ (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Sedition (no date) Carla Gannis, Sedition. Available at: https://www.seditionart.com/carla-gannis (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Shaw, J. (2019) Confronting pitfalls of Machine Learning, artificial intelligence, Artificial Intelligence and Ethics | Harvard Magazine. Available at: https://harvardmagazine.com/2018/12/artificial-intelligence-limitations (Accessed: 06 September 2023).

Siapera, E. (2018) Understanding new media. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Sinders, C. (no date) Caroline Sinders. Available at: https://carolinesinders.com/ (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Sougwen Chung – artist profile (photos, videos, exhibitions) (2023) AIArtists.org. Available at: https://aiartists.org/sougwen-chung (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Sougwen Chung: ䷺ enduring time (2022): Available for sale (2023) Artsy. Available at: https://www.artsy.net/artwork/sougwen-chung-enduring-time (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Stewart, J. (2021) Art of art of art: An artistic practice with Artificial Intelligence. dissertation.

Team, G.L. (2023) What is machine learning? Defination, types, applications, and more, Great Learning Blog: Free Resources what Matters to shape your Career! Available at: https://www.mygreatlearning.com/blog/what-is-machine-learning/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Thorpe , V. (2023) ‘CHATGPT said I did not exist’: How artists and writers are fighting back against AI, The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/mar/18/chatgpt-said-i-did-not-exist-how-artists-and-writers-are-fighting-back-against-ai (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Tim Tadder (no date) Tim Tadder fine art photography, Tim Tadder Fine Art. Available at: https://www.timtadder.art/ (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Torrent, J. (2018) Anxiety in our Times, EuropeNow. Available at: https://www.europenowjournal.org/2018/07/01/anxiety-in-our-times/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Tremayne-Pengelly, A. (2023) Will A.I. replace artists? some art insiders think so, Observer. Available at: https://observer.com/2023/06/will-a-i-replace-artists-some-art-insiders-think-so/ (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

Trusted news platform : Only the essential content from the essential people (no date) Essentials. Available at: https://essentials.news/ (Accessed: 16 August 2023).

Turner, L. (no date) The Metamodernist Manifesto: Luke Turner (2011), The Metamodernist Manifesto | Luke Turner (2011). Available at: http://www.metamodernism.org/ (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Unique, worry-free model photos (no date) Generated Photos. Available at: https://generated.photos/ (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Unthinking.photography (2023) The Photographers Gallery. Available at: https://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/unthinkingphotography (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Van Tine, M. (2023) Ai Photography: A fed-up Tim Tadder sets the record straight, Fstoppers. Available at: https://fstoppers.com/artificial-intelligence/ai-photography-fed-tim-tadder-sets-record-straight-630796 (Accessed: 06 September 2023).

VanTine, M. (2023) Ai Photography: A fed-up Tim Tadder sets the record straight, Fstoppers. Available at: https://fstoppers.com/artificial-intelligence/ai-photography-fed-tim-tadder-sets-record-straight-630796 (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Venkatesh et al. (2003) ‘User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view’, MIS Quarterly, 27(3), p. 425. doi:10.2307/30036540.

von Tunzelmann, A. (2010) Reel history | ran: A storming Japanese lear, spiced with lady macbeth, The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/mar/04/reel-history-akira-kurosawa-ran (Accessed: 04 January 2024).

Whiddington, R. (2023) A photographer who found Instagram fame for his striking portraits has confessed his images were actually a.i.-generated, Artnet News. Available at: https://news.artnet.com/art-world/fake-instagram-photography-ai-generated-joe-avery-2260674 (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Wiley, C. (2023) A photographer embraces the alien logic of A.I., The New Yorker. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/a-photographer-embraces-the-alien-logic-of-ai (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Wolff, J. (2021) How is technology changing the world, and how should the World Change Technology?, University of California Press. Available at: https://online.ucpress.edu/gp/article/2/1/27353/118411/How-Is-Technology-Changing-the-World-and-How (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Workers, E. (2023) Ai Surrealism: The World’s largest AI art exhibition, 2023, Medium. Available at: https://exquisiteworkers.medium.com/ai-surrealism-the-worlds-largest-ai-art-exhibition-2023-8980be9d3e6a (Accessed: 04 October 2023).

Wu, Z. et al. (2021) ‘Ai creativity and the human-ai co-creation model’, Human-Computer Interaction. Theory, Methods and Tools, pp. 171–190. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78462-1_13.

Yasar, K. and Lewis, S. (2023) What is a generative Adversarial Network (GAN)?: Definition from TechTarget, Enterprise AI. Available at: https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/generative-adversarial-network-GAN (Accessed: 07 August 2023).

Yavuz, S.K. (2023) What the latest us court ruling means for AI-Generated Art’s copyright status, The Art Newspaper – International art news and events. Available at: https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/09/02/artificial-intelligence-lawsuit-decision-us-copyright-law (Accessed: 07 September 2023).

Zhang, M. (2023) Ai reveals how celebrities may look decades from now, PetaPixel. Available at: https://petapixel.com/2023/01/09/ai-reveals-how-celebrities-may-look-decades-from-now/ (Accessed: 23 June 2023).

Zuboff, S. (2019) The age of surveillance capitalism: The fight for the human future at the New Frontier of Power. London, UK: Profile Books.